Oracle/PLSQL: Named System Exceptions
What is a named system exception?
Named system exceptions are exceptions that have been given names by PL/SQL. They are named in the STANDARD package in PL/SQL and do not need to be defined by the programmer.Oracle has a standard set of exceptions already named as follows:
The syntax for the Named System Exception in a procedure is:
Oracle Exception Name Oracle Error Explanation DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX ORA-00001 You tried to execute an INSERT or UPDATE statement that has created a duplicate value in a field restricted by a unique index. TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE ORA-00051 You were waiting for a resource and you timed out. TRANSACTION_BACKED_OUT ORA-00061 The remote portion of a transaction has rolled back. INVALID_CURSOR ORA-01001 You tried to reference a cursor that does not yet exist. This may have happened because you've executed a FETCH cursor or CLOSE cursor before OPENing the cursor. NOT_LOGGED_ON ORA-01012 You tried to execute a call to Oracle before logging in. LOGIN_DENIED ORA-01017 You tried to log into Oracle with an invalid username/password combination. NO_DATA_FOUND ORA-01403 You tried one of the following:
- You executed a SELECT INTO statement and no rows were returned.
- You referenced an uninitialized row in a table.
- You read past the end of file with the UTL_FILE package.
TOO_MANY_ROWS ORA-01422 You tried to execute a SELECT INTO statement and more than one row was returned. ZERO_DIVIDE ORA-01476 You tried to divide a number by zero. INVALID_NUMBER ORA-01722 You tried to execute an SQL statement that tried to convert a string to a number, but it was unsuccessful. STORAGE_ERROR ORA-06500 You ran out of memory or memory was corrupted. PROGRAM_ERROR ORA-06501 This is a generic "Contact Oracle support" message because an internal problem was encountered. VALUE_ERROR ORA-06502 You tried to perform an operation and there was a error on a conversion, truncation, or invalid constraining of numeric or character data. CURSOR_ALREADY_OPEN ORA-06511 You tried to open a cursor that is already open.
CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name
[ (parameter [,parameter]) ]
IS
[declaration_section]
BEGIN
executable_section
EXCEPTION
WHEN exception_name1 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name2 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name_n THEN
[statements]
WHEN OTHERS THEN
[statements]
END [procedure_name];
[ (parameter [,parameter]) ]
IS
[declaration_section]
BEGIN
executable_section
EXCEPTION
WHEN exception_name1 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name2 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name_n THEN
[statements]
WHEN OTHERS THEN
[statements]
END [procedure_name];
The syntax for the Named System Exception in a function is:
CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION function_name
[ (parameter [,parameter]) ]
RETURN return_datatype
IS | AS
[declaration_section]
BEGIN
executable_section
EXCEPTION
WHEN exception_name1 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name2 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name_n THEN
[statements]
WHEN OTHERS THEN
[statements]
END [function_name];
[ (parameter [,parameter]) ]
RETURN return_datatype
IS | AS
[declaration_section]
BEGIN
executable_section
EXCEPTION
WHEN exception_name1 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name2 THEN
[statements]
WHEN exception_name_n THEN
[statements]
WHEN OTHERS THEN
[statements]
END [function_name];
Here is an example of a procedure that uses a Named System Exception:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_new_supplierIn this example, we are trapping the Named System Exception called DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX. We are also using the WHEN OTHERS clause to trap all remaining exceptions.
(supplier_id_in IN NUMBER, supplier_name_in IN VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO suppliers (supplier_id, supplier_name )
VALUES ( supplier_id_in, supplier_name_in );
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
raise_application_error (-20001,'You have tried to insert a duplicate supplier_id.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
raise_application_error (-20002,'An error has occurred inserting a supplier.');
END;
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